THE PENROSE ANNUAL 1940 [箱木一郎 曲面印刷 ichiro hakogi]
THE PENROSE ANNUALReview of the Graphic Arts
Edited by R. B. Fishenden, M.Sc.(Tech.), F.R.P.S.
Volume Forty-two
1940
London LUND HUMPHRIES & CO LTD
12 Bedford Square WC1
1940
THE TEXT
General Articles
Editor’s Review
R. B. FISHENDEN, M.SC.(TECH.), F.R.P.S. page 1
Current Advertising – a Commentary
JOHN BETJEMAN, London 17
The Future of “Picture Post”
EDWARD HULTON, Managing Director, Hulton Press Ltd. 21
Realism and Fantasy in Advertisement Presentation
FRED. A. HORN, Designer and Typographer 25
Looking Forward
HOWARD WADMAN, London 29
Fleet Street to Tahiti
ROBERT GIBBINGS, Artist and Engraver 34
Czechoslovak Industrial Art
METHOD KALAB, Director, Industrial Printing Works, Praha, C.S.R. 37
Design in Continental Magazines
BERTRAM EVANS, Bertram Evans and Personal Staff Ltd. 42
・ ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
Technical Articles
An Epilogue to the Centenary of Photography
EDWARD EPSTEAN, New York page 93
The First Colour Photograph
D. A. SPENCER, PH.D., F.I.C.,(HON.) F.R.P.F., Director, Colour
Photographs (British & Foreign) Ltd. 99
Progress in Photographic Type Composition
V. E. GOODMAN, managing Director, Waterlows Ltd. 101
The Aller Process
ERIC HUMPHRIES, Director, Lund Humphries & Co. Ltd. 105
“Life” Production
N. L. WALLACE, Assistant Vice-President, “Life,” New York 108
Further Gravure Developments
J. S. MERTLE, A.R.P.S., Technical Director, International
Photo-Engravers’ Union, U.S.A. 111
Chemical Discoloration of Printed Matter
CHARLES OCKRENT, PH.D., D..SC., Chief Chemist, Printing and Allied
Trades Research Association 114
Colour Measurement
H. MILLS CARTWRIGHT, F.R.P.F., L.L.C. School of Photo-Engraving 118
The Eastman Colour Temperature Meter
R.F.W. SELMAN, M.SC., A.I.C., Research Laboratory, Kodak Ltd. 121
Colour Synthesis in Trichromatic Printing
DR. J. BEKK, Amsterdam 125
The Necessity for Retouching in Monochrome Photolithography
F.J. TRITTON, B.SC., A.I.C., F.R.P.F.., Manager, Process Department,
Ilford Ltd. 130
A Colour Chart for Photo-Offset Work
F.G.S. CACKETT, A.R.P.S., Brown Knight & Truscott 133
“Triplemetal” – A New Zinc Alloy Photo-Engraving Plate
WM. H. FINKELDEY, Consulting Metallurgist, Edes manufacturing
Co., Plymouth, Mass., U.S.A.; Director, Singmaster & Breyer,
New York 136
Some Recent Developments in Photo-Engraving Material
C.D. HALLAM, F.R.P.S., AND R.S. COX, F.R.P.S., L.C.C. School
Of Photo-Engraving 141
Tint Backgrounds for Half-tones
E.L. TURNER, F.R.P.S., L.C.C. School of Photo-Engraving 143
Developments in High-Brightness Electric Discharge Lamps
J.N. ALDINGTON, B.SC., A.I.C., F.INST.P., Assistant Works Manager,
Siemens Electric Lamps and Supplies Ltd. 145
Spraying Printed Sheets
FRED. A. HACKER, Manager, New Products Division, American
Type Founders Inc., New Jersey, U.S.A. 150
Paper, Ink, and Printability
R.F. BOWLES, B.SC., A.I.C., Lorilleux & Bolton Ltd. 153
The Practice of Bumping
VICTOR CLOUGH, Printing Consultant, London 158
Advertisers’ Note-Book 160
THE LETTERPRESS PROGRESS AND DUPLICATION
Rivalry between the major printing processes is a helpful stimulant. It is unlikely that letterpress will be displaced, but high speeds in the newer methods have compelled more attention to means of reducing make-ready time and increasing output. Long runs are not printed from original type or etched plates, so that accuracy in duplication processes has increased in importance. In this direction electrotypers and stereotypers are meeting satisfactorily existing requirements.
We continue to hold the view that the arrival of the rotary machine for better-class commercial printing cannot be delayed for long. It will be sheet-fed, and the setting-up simple enough to make runs of medium length economical. (Meanwhile we cannot disregard progress made by engineers in the design of high-speed flat-bed machines of small size.)
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
“Palaplates,” manufactured by the Palatine Engraving Company, Liverpool, were shown in the last volume; this also is a plastic method, and the success of the process continues.
When the new precision small rotaries arrive we shall require a method to give perfect curved duplicate. The suggestion that plastics may be used for this purpose opens up many possibilities, and they may provide alternatives for a perfected rubber or synthetic rubber which will provide a means for producing duplicates with perfect “faces.”
The Kurbo Gravo Process. A very ingenious machine has been patented and is in use in Japan for printing non-planar surfaces, as for example, pottery, bottles, and cylinders. The process essentially is letterpress offset. An elastic diaphragm is inked with an image of the design in one or more colours, and is brought into contact with the surface to transfer the image. The diaphragm being flexible conforms to the shape of the object to be printed, under pressure applied pneumatically to the back of the diaphragm. A feature of the patent is that means are provide to extract the air from pockets which tend to form between the ink face of the diaphragm and the surface to be printed. In the next volume of the ANNUAL it is hoped to publish an article on this process. (pp8-9)この本のこの頁には新聞の切抜きが挟み込んである。記事の台紙にはJAPAN KURBA GRAVO LABORATORY 631, ARAIJUKU 2-CHOME, OHMORI-KU TOKYOと印刷されたレターヘッドが使われている。朱筆余滴と言う記事には鉛筆で「印刷情報 15年6月25日」と記されている。記事の全文は下記の通り。
本年度のペンローズ年鑑を入手擦る事が出来たが、挿入印刷はひどく見劣りがする。これはと感心するやうなものが一向になかつたのは、欧州戦争＊のおかげであらう。しかし独乙の電撃戦の成功で、本年度は印刷年鑑どころではないかもしれぬ。 次号に訳出するやうに、フイシエンデンは評論中で箱木氏の曲面印刷法に就いて言及してゐる。一体この年鑑は欧州中心で、日本の事等は全然黙殺してゐる。毎年決まって写真植字機の進歩に就いて述べてゐるが、日本の石井式写真植字機の完成には一言だって触れた事はない。（本社で発行した印刷需要年鑑に、その何頁から何頁迄は写真植字機に依るものだと付記して、フ氏に送った事があるから、知ってはゐると思ふ）しかし、箱木氏の曲面印刷法に就いては、とうとう一言費さざるを得なかったのは愉快である。 ◇ ◇ 印刷会社対印刷会社仕事争奪のゴタゴタは何時になっても絶へず、東京印刷工組はその裁判に急がしい。
＊ 欧州戦争の御蔭：Editor’s Reviewには次のように書かれている。
The loss, the waste, the anxiety of war! This year we must refer to the influence and the new conditions it has brought into our lives. Apart from preparations at sea, on land, and in the air, never before have our cities and towns been the centres of measures against attack, arriving with little warning at any time of the day or night; this interference with normal activities of every kind must throw even greater burdens on the community, creating financial difficulties and producing complications in management, organization, and production, which vitally affect our own industry in all its branches.
In addition to the stupendous task of rebuilding the basic structure, can we at this stage imagine any lasting compensation in aesthetics and technique? We must try to think and act constructively, however hard the task, and this volume being published in a time of acute difficulty, may help in some measure to reach that objective.・・・・
・・・
In this war, the Government, instead of giving a lead to the right use of design in propaganda, has been reactionary, and for the time being we are oppressed by a mental as well as a physical black-out.(以下省略)
Edited by R. B. Fishenden, M.Sc.(Tech.), F.R.P.S.
Volume Forty-two
1940
London LUND HUMPHRIES & CO LTD
12 Bedford Square WC1
1940
THE TEXT
General Articles
Editor’s Review
R. B. FISHENDEN, M.SC.(TECH.), F.R.P.S. page 1
Current Advertising – a Commentary
JOHN BETJEMAN, London 17
The Future of “Picture Post”
EDWARD HULTON, Managing Director, Hulton Press Ltd. 21
Realism and Fantasy in Advertisement Presentation
FRED. A. HORN, Designer and Typographer 25
Looking Forward
HOWARD WADMAN, London 29
Fleet Street to Tahiti
ROBERT GIBBINGS, Artist and Engraver 34
Czechoslovak Industrial Art
METHOD KALAB, Director, Industrial Printing Works, Praha, C.S.R. 37
Design in Continental Magazines
BERTRAM EVANS, Bertram Evans and Personal Staff Ltd. 42
・ ・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
Technical Articles
An Epilogue to the Centenary of Photography
EDWARD EPSTEAN, New York page 93
The First Colour Photograph
D. A. SPENCER, PH.D., F.I.C.,(HON.) F.R.P.F., Director, Colour
Photographs (British & Foreign) Ltd. 99
Progress in Photographic Type Composition
V. E. GOODMAN, managing Director, Waterlows Ltd. 101
The Aller Process
ERIC HUMPHRIES, Director, Lund Humphries & Co. Ltd. 105
“Life” Production
N. L. WALLACE, Assistant Vice-President, “Life,” New York 108
Further Gravure Developments
J. S. MERTLE, A.R.P.S., Technical Director, International
Photo-Engravers’ Union, U.S.A. 111
Chemical Discoloration of Printed Matter
CHARLES OCKRENT, PH.D., D..SC., Chief Chemist, Printing and Allied
Trades Research Association 114
Colour Measurement
H. MILLS CARTWRIGHT, F.R.P.F., L.L.C. School of Photo-Engraving 118
The Eastman Colour Temperature Meter
R.F.W. SELMAN, M.SC., A.I.C., Research Laboratory, Kodak Ltd. 121
Colour Synthesis in Trichromatic Printing
DR. J. BEKK, Amsterdam 125
The Necessity for Retouching in Monochrome Photolithography
F.J. TRITTON, B.SC., A.I.C., F.R.P.F.., Manager, Process Department,
Ilford Ltd. 130
A Colour Chart for Photo-Offset Work
F.G.S. CACKETT, A.R.P.S., Brown Knight & Truscott 133
“Triplemetal” – A New Zinc Alloy Photo-Engraving Plate
WM. H. FINKELDEY, Consulting Metallurgist, Edes manufacturing
Co., Plymouth, Mass., U.S.A.; Director, Singmaster & Breyer,
New York 136
Some Recent Developments in Photo-Engraving Material
C.D. HALLAM, F.R.P.S., AND R.S. COX, F.R.P.S., L.C.C. School
Of Photo-Engraving 141
Tint Backgrounds for Half-tones
E.L. TURNER, F.R.P.S., L.C.C. School of Photo-Engraving 143
Developments in High-Brightness Electric Discharge Lamps
J.N. ALDINGTON, B.SC., A.I.C., F.INST.P., Assistant Works Manager,
Siemens Electric Lamps and Supplies Ltd. 145
Spraying Printed Sheets
FRED. A. HACKER, Manager, New Products Division, American
Type Founders Inc., New Jersey, U.S.A. 150
Paper, Ink, and Printability
R.F. BOWLES, B.SC., A.I.C., Lorilleux & Bolton Ltd. 153
The Practice of Bumping
VICTOR CLOUGH, Printing Consultant, London 158
Advertisers’ Note-Book 160
THE LETTERPRESS PROGRESS AND DUPLICATION
Rivalry between the major printing processes is a helpful stimulant. It is unlikely that letterpress will be displaced, but high speeds in the newer methods have compelled more attention to means of reducing make-ready time and increasing output. Long runs are not printed from original type or etched plates, so that accuracy in duplication processes has increased in importance. In this direction electrotypers and stereotypers are meeting satisfactorily existing requirements.
We continue to hold the view that the arrival of the rotary machine for better-class commercial printing cannot be delayed for long. It will be sheet-fed, and the setting-up simple enough to make runs of medium length economical. (Meanwhile we cannot disregard progress made by engineers in the design of high-speed flat-bed machines of small size.)
・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・・
“Palaplates,” manufactured by the Palatine Engraving Company, Liverpool, were shown in the last volume; this also is a plastic method, and the success of the process continues.
When the new precision small rotaries arrive we shall require a method to give perfect curved duplicate. The suggestion that plastics may be used for this purpose opens up many possibilities, and they may provide alternatives for a perfected rubber or synthetic rubber which will provide a means for producing duplicates with perfect “faces.”
The Kurbo Gravo Process. A very ingenious machine has been patented and is in use in Japan for printing non-planar surfaces, as for example, pottery, bottles, and cylinders. The process essentially is letterpress offset. An elastic diaphragm is inked with an image of the design in one or more colours, and is brought into contact with the surface to transfer the image. The diaphragm being flexible conforms to the shape of the object to be printed, under pressure applied pneumatically to the back of the diaphragm. A feature of the patent is that means are provide to extract the air from pockets which tend to form between the ink face of the diaphragm and the surface to be printed. In the next volume of the ANNUAL it is hoped to publish an article on this process. (pp8-9)この本のこの頁には新聞の切抜きが挟み込んである。記事の台紙にはJAPAN KURBA GRAVO LABORATORY 631, ARAIJUKU 2-CHOME, OHMORI-KU TOKYOと印刷されたレターヘッドが使われている。朱筆余滴と言う記事には鉛筆で「印刷情報 15年6月25日」と記されている。記事の全文は下記の通り。
本年度のペンローズ年鑑を入手擦る事が出来たが、挿入印刷はひどく見劣りがする。これはと感心するやうなものが一向になかつたのは、欧州戦争＊のおかげであらう。しかし独乙の電撃戦の成功で、本年度は印刷年鑑どころではないかもしれぬ。 次号に訳出するやうに、フイシエンデンは評論中で箱木氏の曲面印刷法に就いて言及してゐる。一体この年鑑は欧州中心で、日本の事等は全然黙殺してゐる。毎年決まって写真植字機の進歩に就いて述べてゐるが、日本の石井式写真植字機の完成には一言だって触れた事はない。（本社で発行した印刷需要年鑑に、その何頁から何頁迄は写真植字機に依るものだと付記して、フ氏に送った事があるから、知ってはゐると思ふ）しかし、箱木氏の曲面印刷法に就いては、とうとう一言費さざるを得なかったのは愉快である。 ◇ ◇ 印刷会社対印刷会社仕事争奪のゴタゴタは何時になっても絶へず、東京印刷工組はその裁判に急がしい。
＊ 欧州戦争の御蔭：Editor’s Reviewには次のように書かれている。
The loss, the waste, the anxiety of war! This year we must refer to the influence and the new conditions it has brought into our lives. Apart from preparations at sea, on land, and in the air, never before have our cities and towns been the centres of measures against attack, arriving with little warning at any time of the day or night; this interference with normal activities of every kind must throw even greater burdens on the community, creating financial difficulties and producing complications in management, organization, and production, which vitally affect our own industry in all its branches.
In addition to the stupendous task of rebuilding the basic structure, can we at this stage imagine any lasting compensation in aesthetics and technique? We must try to think and act constructively, however hard the task, and this volume being published in a time of acute difficulty, may help in some measure to reach that objective.・・・・
・・・
In this war, the Government, instead of giving a lead to the right use of design in propaganda, has been reactionary, and for the time being we are oppressed by a mental as well as a physical black-out.(以下省略)
2010-07-18 12:29
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